Diane Fabel, Director of Operations at the Stony Brook Center for Biotechnology, notes that many different kinds of expertise are necessary for the success of a biotech venture. She herself has a background in economics and experience in commercial real estate and economic development initiatives. She describes the importance of “understanding the regulatory environment, the real estate environment, and all the incentives offered through the county IDAs [industrial development agencies] and through New York state…we needed that knowledge to guide our clients.” Diane later went on to get a PhD in biomedical engineering because she wanted to know more about “how science becomes technology, [how it] becomes a product, and how do you do that efficiently” and in a way that has the impact you want. “How do you create a culture that supports that?”

Diane Fabel / Stony Brook Center for Biotechnology

Plants need nitrogen to grow, but a significant portion of the nitrogen in fertilizers is not absorbed by the soil or used by the growing plants. Rather, it washes away into waterways, rivers, and the ocean. This in turn has had devastating effects on marine life. In some areas, excessive nitrogen in the oceans has caused algae blooms that kill wildlife, make it dangerous for people to consume fish or shellfish or in some cases even swim in affected waters. This problem isn’t limited to poorer countries. Nitrogen pollution is a serious problem here on Long Island. In our case, the nitrogen comes primarily from septic tanks and cesspools, although nitrogen from agricultural fertilizers also plays a role. Nitrogen pollution in the waters around Long Island has hampered fishing, made it dangerous to eat seafood from some areas, and caused environmental changes that make coastal areas more prone to flooding.