In the early 1990s, the Stony Brook Center for Biotechnology launched an internship program for science PhDs. Young researchers would work with local law firms to learn about patent law and figure out if this might be a good career path for them. Pam Ancona was the first of quite a few law interns, and it convinced her that law school, and a career that allowed her to combine legal training and scientific expertise, was the right direction for her. She notes that interning with a local Long Island firm rather than one in New York was a plus: “I think if I had done the same internship at a law firm in New York, there would’ve been some culture shock, but the law firm that I was at was on Long Island. It was a little bit more low-key relative to New York law firms, so I never really found it as a culture shock. They were very welcoming.”

Pam Ancona

Plants need nitrogen to grow, but a significant portion of the nitrogen in fertilizers is not absorbed by the soil or used by the growing plants. Rather, it washes away into waterways, rivers, and the ocean. This in turn has had devastating effects on marine life. In some areas, excessive nitrogen in the oceans has caused algae blooms that kill wildlife, make it dangerous for people to consume fish or shellfish or in some cases even swim in affected waters. This problem isn’t limited to poorer countries. Nitrogen pollution is a serious problem here on Long Island. In our case, the nitrogen comes primarily from septic tanks and cesspools, although nitrogen from agricultural fertilizers also plays a role. Nitrogen pollution in the waters around Long Island has hampered fishing, made it dangerous to eat seafood from some areas, and caused environmental changes that make coastal areas more prone to flooding.