In the early 1990s, a Long Island law firm, Scully, Scott, Murphy and Presser, worked with Stony Brook University to set up a legal internship for science PhDs. The internship offered training and new career prospects to young scientists, and was useful for the law firm as well. At that time, the biotechnology industry was relatively new, but it was clear that law firms who wanted to work in this area would need patent attorneys with scientific expertise. “As the technology, especially in the biotech area, got more and more complex, they needed people with advanced degrees.” But there were a lot of open questions for law firms. What was biotech-related patent work like? What sort of work could they expect from newly-minted PhDs? If an intern decided to pursue a law degree, should the law firm help guide them through this process? The internship program with Stony Brook offered law firms like Scully, Scott, Murphy and Presser a chance, as former intern Pam Ancona puts it, “to dip their toes in the water.” 

Pam Ancona

Plants need nitrogen to grow, but a significant portion of the nitrogen in fertilizers is not absorbed by the soil or used by the growing plants. Rather, it washes away into waterways, rivers, and the ocean. This in turn has had devastating effects on marine life. In some areas, excessive nitrogen in the oceans has caused algae blooms that kill wildlife, make it dangerous for people to consume fish or shellfish or in some cases even swim in affected waters. This problem isn’t limited to poorer countries. Nitrogen pollution is a serious problem here on Long Island. In our case, the nitrogen comes primarily from septic tanks and cesspools, although nitrogen from agricultural fertilizers also plays a role. Nitrogen pollution in the waters around Long Island has hampered fishing, made it dangerous to eat seafood from some areas, and caused environmental changes that make coastal areas more prone to flooding.